{"id":84095,"date":"2020-07-20T11:33:55","date_gmt":"2020-07-20T19:33:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//?post_type=article&#038;p=84095"},"modified":"2020-07-20T11:33:56","modified_gmt":"2020-07-20T19:33:56","slug":"john-lewis-ct-vivian-civil-rights-movement","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//social-justice/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//20/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//john-lewis-ct-vivian-civil-rights-movement","title":{"rendered":"John Lewis and C.T. Vivian Belonged to a Long Tradition of Religious Leaders in the Movement for Civil Rights"},"content":{"rendered":"/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>With the deaths of&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.nytimes.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//17/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//us/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//john-lewis-dead.html/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">U.S. Rep. John Lewis</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>&nbsp;and the Rev.&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.cnn.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//17/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//us/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//ct-vivian-death/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//index.html/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Cordy Tindell /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cC.T./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d Vivian</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>, the U.S. has lost two civil rights greats who drew upon their faith as they pushed for equality for Black Americans.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Vivian, an early adviser to the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., died July 17 at the age of 95. News of his death was followed just hours later by that of Lewis, 80, an ordained Baptist minister and towering figure in the civil rights struggle.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>That both men were people of the cloth is no coincidence.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>From the earliest times in U.S. history, religious leaders have led the struggle for liberation and racial justice for Black Americans. As an&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//udayton.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//directory/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//diversity-inclusion/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//lawrence-burnley.php/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">ordained minister and a historian</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>, I see a common thread running from Black resistance in the earliest periods of slavery in the antebellum South, through the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2014in which Lewis and Vivian played important roles/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2014and up to today/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s Black Lives Matter movement.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>As&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//patrissecullors.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//about/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Patrisse Cullors</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>, a founder of the Black Lives Matter movement,&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//crcc.usc.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//the-role-of-the-spirit-in-blacklivesmatter-movement/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">says</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>: /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cThe fight to save your life is a spiritual fight./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<h2 class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"wp-block-heading/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Spiritual calling</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//h2>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Vivian&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.tennessean.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//story/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//opinion/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2019/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//10/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//10/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//american-baptist-college-continues-civil-rights-leader/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//3927202002/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">studied theology alongside Lewis</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>&nbsp;at the American Baptist College in Nashville, Tennessee.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>For both men, activism was an extension of their faith. Speaking to PBS in 2004,&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.pbs.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wnet/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//religionandethics/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2004/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//01/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//16/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//january-16-2004-john-lewis-extended-interview/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2897/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Lewis explained</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>: /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cIn my estimation, the civil rights movement was a religious phenomenon. When we/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019d go out to sit in or go out to march, I felt, and I really believe, there was a force in front of us and a force behind us, /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019cause sometimes you didn/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019t know what to do. You didn/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019t know what to say, you didn/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019t know how you were going to make it through the day or through the night. But somehow and some way, you believed/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2014you had faith/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2014that it all was going to be all right./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Fellow civil rights activists knew Vivian as the /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cresident theologian/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d in King/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s inner circle because of /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201chow profound he is in both his political and biblical exegesis,/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.wsbtv.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//news/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//local/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//atlanta/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//civil-rights-icon-rev-ct-vivian-dead-95/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//BHE6G2VW7RGGZHFNHMI3P6HXLE/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">fellow campaigner the Rev. Jesse Jackson recalled</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<figure class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"wp-block-image size-large/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"><img decoding=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"async/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" width=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"1024/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" height=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"837/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" src=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"data:image/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg+xml,&lt;svg xmlns=&quot;http:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.w3.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2000/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 1024 837&quot;&gt;&lt;/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg&gt;/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" 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https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//ct-vivian-ebenezer-baptist-church.jpg?resize=36%2C29&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 36w, https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//ct-vivian-ebenezer-baptist-church.jpg?resize=48%2C39&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 48w, https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//ct-vivian-ebenezer-baptist-church.jpg?resize=600%2C491&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//ct-vivian-ebenezer-baptist-church.jpg?w=1400&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 1400w/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" sizes=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//></wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//noscript><figcaption>The Rev. C.T. Vivian, an aide to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., recalls his civil rights experiences on January 19, 2002, from the pulpit of Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. Photo by Erik S. Lesser/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//Getty Images.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//figcaption></wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//figure>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<h2 class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"wp-block-heading/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Rejecting /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2018other world/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019 theology</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//h2>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Faith traditions inform the civil rights and social justice work of many Black religious leaders. They interpret religious teachings through the prism of the injustice in the here and now.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Speaking of King/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s influence,&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.nytimes.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//aponline/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//18/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//us/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//ap-us-john-lewis-faith.html?searchResultPosition=7/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Lewis explained</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>: /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cHe was not concerned about the streets of heaven and the pearly gates and the streets paved with milk and honey. He was more concerned about the streets of Montgomery and the way that Black people and poor people were being treated in Montgomery./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>This focus on real-world struggles as part of the role of spiritual leaders was present in the earliest Black civil rights and anti-slavery leaders. Nat Turner, a leader in the revolt against slavery, for example,&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.smithsonianmag.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//history/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//understanding-gospel-nat-turner-180960714/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">saw rebellion as the work of God</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a> and drew upon biblical texts to inspire his actions. Likewise fellow anti-slavery campaigners&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.christianitytoday.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//history/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//people/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//activists/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//sojourner-truth.html/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Sojourner Truth</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"http:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//worldcat.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//identities/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//lccn-n85030107/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Jarena Lee</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>&nbsp;rejected the /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cotherworld/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d theology taught to enslaved Africans by their White captors, which sought to deflect attention away from their condition in /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cthis world/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d with promises of a better afterlife.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Incorporating religion into the Black anti-slavery movement sowed the seeds for faith being central to the struggle for racial justice. As the church historian&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.nytimes.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//1997/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//05/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//08/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//us/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//james-washington-49-expert-on-black-religious-history.html#:%7E:text=Washington%20was%20professor%20of%20church,in%20religious%20studies%20from%20Yale./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">James Washington</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.mupress.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//Frustrated-Fellowship-The-Black-Baptist-Quest-for-Social-Power-P183.aspx/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">observed</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>&nbsp;in 1986, the /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cvery disorientation of their slavery and the persistent impact of systemic racism and other forms of oppression provided the opportunity/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2014indeed the necessity/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2014of a new religious synthesis./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<figure class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"wp-block-image size-large/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"><img decoding=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"async/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" width=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"1024/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" height=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"614/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" src=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"data:image/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg+xml,&lt;svg xmlns=&quot;http:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.w3.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2000/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 1024 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https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//lewis-vivian-king-mckinnie.jpg?resize=36%2C22&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 36w, https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//lewis-vivian-king-mckinnie.jpg?resize=48%2C29&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 48w, https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//lewis-vivian-king-mckinnie.jpg?resize=600%2C360&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wp-content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//uploads/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//lewis-vivian-king-mckinnie.jpg?w=1400&amp;quality=90&amp;ssl=1 1400w/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" sizes=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//></wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//noscript><figcaption>Left to right, John Lewis, the Rev. C.T. Vivian, Martin Luther King Jr., and Lester McKinnie at Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee, on May 4, 1964. Photo by Bettmann/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//Getty Images.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//figcaption></wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//figure>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<h2 class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"wp-block-heading/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2018Ubuntuism/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//h2>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>The synthesis continued into the 20th century. Religious civil rights leaders such as Lewis and Vivian clearly felt compelled to make the struggle for justice a central part of a spiritual leader/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s role.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>In 1965, Vivian was punched in the mouth by&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.wsbtv.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//news/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//local/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//atlanta/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//civil-rights-icon-rev-ct-vivian-dead-95/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//BHE6G2VW7RGGZHFNHMI3P6HXLE/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Dallas County Sheriff Jim Clark</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>&nbsp;in an incident caught on camera and carried on national news. Vivian later said: /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cEverything I am as a minister, as an African American, as a civil rights activist and a struggler for justice for everyone came together in that moment./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Though their activism was grounded in Christianity, Lewis and Vivian both forged strategic and powerful coalitions with those outside of their faith. In some ways, they transcended theologically informed ideologies with a world view more akin to Archbishop Desmond Tutu/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s interpretation of /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201c<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//theconversation.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//what-archbishop-tutus-ubuntu-credo-teaches-the-world-about-justice-and-harmony-84730/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">Ubuntu</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2014that one/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s own humanity is&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//theconversation.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//what-archbishop-tutus-ubuntu-credo-teaches-the-world-about-justice-and-harmony-84730/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">inextricably bound up with that of others</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>.&nbsp;</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Lewis and Vivian personified this value in their leadership styles.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<h2 class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"wp-block-heading/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">George Floyd</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//h2>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>Racial justice remains integral to Black Christian leadership in the 21st century.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>After the killing of George Floyd in police custody in Minneapolis, it was the Rev. Al Sharpton whose words were&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.abc.net.au/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//news/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020-06-05/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//george-floyd-memorial-al-sharpton-speaks-us-continues-protests/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//12324616/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">carried across the globe</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>, calling on White America to /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cget your knee off our necks/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d at Floyd/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s memorial service.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>In recent years, the Rev. William J. Barber II has been such a vocal and powerful presence in protests that some Americans consider him to be a<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.newsobserver.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//opinion/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//article243294961.html/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"> successor to past civil rights greats</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>In an&nbsp;<a href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//time.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//5784068/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//william-barber-ii-faith-injustice/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">interview in early 2020</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>, Barber said: /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201cThere is not some separation between Jesus and justice; to be Christian is to be concerned with what/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u2019s going on in the world./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/u201d</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p>John Lewis and Rev. C.T. Vivian lived those words.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p><em>This article was originally published by <a rel=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"noreferrer noopener/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//theconversation.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//john-lewis-and-c-t-vivian-belonged-to-a-long-tradition-of-religious-leaders-in-the-civil-rights-struggle-142967/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" target=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"_blank/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/">The Conversation</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//a>. It has been published here with permission. </wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//em></wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<img decoding=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"async/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"lazyload/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" src=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"data:image/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg+xml,&lt;svg xmlns=&quot;http:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.w3.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2000/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg&quot; viewBox=&quot;0 0 1 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//svg&gt;/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" data-src=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//counter.theconversation.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//142967/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" alt=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"The Conversation/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" width=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"1/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" height=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"1/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" style=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//><noscript><img data-recalc-dims=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"1/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" decoding=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"async/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" class=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"lazyload/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" src=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//i0.wp.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//counter.theconversation.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//content/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//142967/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//count.gif?resize=1%2C1&#038;quality=90&#038;ssl=1/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" alt=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"The Conversation/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" width=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"1/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" height=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"1/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" style=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//></wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//noscript>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<p></wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>That both men were people of the cloth is no coincidence.</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//p>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":84126,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","categories":[8,255],"tags":[861],"article-type":[],"master-category":[463],"special-series":[],"type-of-work":[],"class_list":["post-84095","article","type-article","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-justice","category-racial-justice","tag-civil-rights-movement","master-category-social-justice"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.1 - https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//yoast.com/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//wordpress/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//plugins/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//seo/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095// -->/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<title>John Lewis and C.T. Vivian Belonged to a Long Tradition of Religious Leaders in the Movement for Civil Rights - 精东影业 Magazine Solutions Journalism</wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//title>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<meta name=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"description/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" content=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"That both men were people of the cloth is no coincidence./wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<meta name=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"robots/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" content=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<link rel=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"canonical/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" href=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"https:/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095///wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//www.yesmagazine.org/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//social-justice/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//2020/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//07/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//20/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//john-lewis-ct-vivian-civil-rights-movement/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<meta property=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"og:locale/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" content=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"en_US/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<meta property=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"og:type/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" content=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"article/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" /wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095//>/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/n<meta property=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"og:title/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/" content=/wp-json/wp/v2/article/84095/"John Lewis and C.T. 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